Noise-induced hearing loss is still a serious workplace risk
Loud noises can cause sensitive cells in the inner ear to become overloaded, leading to temporary hearing loss. Repeated exposure may result in permanent damage, such as irreversible hearing loss or tinnitus — a constant ringing, buzzing or humming in the ears.
Employer duties under UK law
Employers must assess and control noise risks in the workplace. Where noise cannot be eliminated, they are required to reduce exposure as far as practical and provide:
- Hearing protection
- Health surveillance
- Information, instruction and training
What the HSE found during recent inspections
The HSE recently inspected a range of noisy workplaces. In over 75% of cases where hearing protection was required, inspectors found significant gaps in employee knowledge.
Common failings included:
- 80% of workers had not been shown how to use hearing protection effectively, such as ensuring earmuffs are not obstructed by hats or hair
- Lack of guidance on how to check for damage or store hearing protection correctly
- No instruction on the importance of continuous protection when exposed to high noise levels
- 95% of employers had not checked whether workers could still hear alarms or warning signals while wearing hearing protection
The CUFF system: how to assess hearing protection
The HSE recommends using the CUFF system to manage hearing protection:
Condition
Check that hearing protection is undamaged and well-maintained. Look for cracked cups, missing foam, worn-out seals or stretched headbands. Disposable earplugs should be discarded after use; reusable plugs should be replaced regularly.
Use
Hearing protection must be worn before exposure begins and remain in place throughout. Make it easy for staff to access PPE near noisy areas.
Fit the ear
Ensure correct and hygienic fitting of earplugs. Ear defenders should sit flush against the head and not be blocked by hats or hair. For helmet-mounted defenders, ensure compatibility.
Fit for purpose
Choose protection appropriate for the noise level — not so weak that it fails to protect, but not so strong that alarms and signals cannot be heard.
Read the full CUFF guidance on the HSE website.
Need support managing workplace noise?
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